Identification of risk factors for specific subsites within the oral and oropharyngeal region--a study of 647 cancer patients.

Studies on site specific risks for oral cancers are few. Present investigation explores the possible role of human sociodemographic factors in causing oral cancer. Majority of patients had poor oral hygiene (85.5%) and belonged to 51-60 years age group (35.7%). Most of the subjects were agriculture workers (30.3%). Tongue and floor of mouth included majority of the affected sites (77.2%). Male to female ratio was highest for tonsil (32.3%) but differed marginally for other subsites. Majority of females used tobacco (81%) while males users of tobacco, alcohol and smoking reported in nearly equal proportions. Tobacco and smoking were found as primary risk factors for several intraoral subsites. However, for tongue, palate and lip no risk factor could be identified from given patients' characteristics. In general, tobacco posed high risk for buccal mucosa and alveolus in comparison to other subsites. Smoking affected tonsil and floor of mouth more than other sites. Alcohol posed more risk for buccal mucosa and floor of mouth than tongue.

Septo-optic dysplasia (case report).

Septo optic dysplasia is a rare developmental anomaly involving bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia, midline anomalies of the brain and hypothalamo-pituitary dysfunction. A case of septo-optic dysplasia with pituitary dwarfism, optic nerve hypoplasia and absent septum pellucidum is reported.